Diarrhea
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Diarrhea is a state of waste water with plenty of fluids and symptomatic of certain diseases or other disorders.Acute diarrhea is defecating mushy / liquid watery consistency, more often than is usually accompanied by a slimy, fishy odor, foaming may even be water only a frequency more often than usual.
Nonspecific diarrhea is diarrhea caused by germs that are not specific or parasites.
cause of Diarrhea
The cause is a virus, which stimulates food contaminated or toxin, digestive disorders and so on.
Clinical Overview of Diarrhea
- A fever that often accompanies the disease aggravate dehydration. symptom dehydration will not appear until the fluid loss reaches 4-5% by weight body.
- Symptoms and signs of dehydration include:
§ thirst, dry mouth and lips
§ Decreased skin turgor
§ The reduced weight gain, hypotension, muscle weakness
§ shortness of breath, anxiety
§ sunken eyes, no tears
§ large sunken fontanel in infants
Oliguria and anuria §
§ Decreased consciousness, drowsiness
- The lack of fluid reaches 10% or more patients fall into if the continuing severe dehydration and shock and death may occur.
diagnosis of Diarrhea
Determined from the symptoms of bowel movements over and over again more often than usual with a soft consistency and liquid
management of Diarrhea
- WHO has set four main elements in the prevention of acute diarrhea
namely:
§ Provision of fluids, oral rehydration of actions (Uro) to prevent or treat dehydration.
§ Continue feeding as usual, especially milk, for diarrhea and the healing period.
§ Do not use antidiarrheal, while antibiotics and antimicrobial only to cases of suspected cholera, dysentery, or giardiasis or proven amubiasis.
§ The provision of effective guidance for the mother and child and family about oral rehydration efforts at home, referring to signs and how to prevent diarrhea in the future.
- Then do as did the rehydration efforts against dehydration due to cholera.
- In patients with diarrhea without dehydration: (Treatment A)
§ Give fluids (water starch, salt sugar solution, ORS) as much as desired
until the diarrhea stops, as the instructions given after every
CHAPTER
o Children <1 year: 50 - 100 ml
o Children 1-4 years: 100-200 ml.
o Children> 5 years: 200-300 ml
o Adult: 300 - 400 ml
§ Continue feeding or breast milk for babies
- In patients with diarrhea with mild dehydration - is being (Treatment B):
ORS § given 75 ml / kg within 3 hours, not with a bottle.
§ If the child is vomiting (due to too rapid infusion of fluids), wait 5-10 minutes and then repeat again, by giving more slowly (one tablespoon per 2-3 minutes).
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