Glaucoma

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Definition of Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a symptom of a collection of diseases that cause a the resultant increase in intra-ocular pressure is sufficient to cause degeneration of the optic disc or visual field abnormalities.






Cause of Glaucoma
Increased intra-ocular pressure.Must be distinguished from ocular hypertension is a condition in which the pressure elevated intraocular without damage to the optic disc and visual field abnormalities.


Clinical of Glaucoma
Glaucoma can be classified as follows:1. Primary Glaucomaa. Primary open angle glaucoma (glaucoma simple, wide angle glaucoma, chronic simple glaucoma) is the most common type of glaucoma found.b. Primary angle closure glaucoma (narrow angle glaucoma, closed-angle glaucoma, acute congestive glaucoma).

2. Congenital Glaucomaa. Primary congenital or infantile glaucoma (Buftalmos)b. Glaucoma accompanying congenital abnormalities3. Secondary Glaucoma4. Absolute GlaucomaIn acute congestive glaucoma (the attacks) should be given treatment as soon as possible because delayed treatment can accelerate the deterioration visual acuity and visual field.

Acute congestive glaucoma is often suspected / diagnosed as conjunctivitis because the eyes look red. In acute glaucoma will see the injection conjunctiva, ciliary injection, dilated pupils / mid dilated, reflexes lacking.

Examination of eye pressure measurement with tonometri be obtained high value (normal 10 -20 mmHg).
Diagnosis of Glaucoma
Red eyes, wide pupils, reflexes lacking, somewhat cloudy cornea, no eye dirt with complaints of headache and decreased visual acuity and one eye is usually

Glaucoma of Glaucoma
The disorder is not diagnosed as conjunctivitis. Signs of conjunctivitis is the red eye (usually two eyes), there is a dirt eyes, no headache, not decreased visual acuity, pupils are not wide and does not cause blindness.Acute congestive glaucoma is very dangerous and result in total blindness can not be treated.

Management of Glaucoma
With limited personnel and equipment, the prevention of glaucoma which may be done at the Health Center is an acute congestive glaucoma.

administration:a. Timolol 0.5% at a dose of 2 x dailyb. Pilocarpine 2-4% every 2 hoursc. Acetazolamide 250 mg 3 times a dayd. Systemic analgesicSymptomatic treatment with existing symptoms and immediately refer to specialists Eye for further action.